Likely completed in 1921, the Harmon School is a one-story, wood-frame building resting on a pier foundation and possesses a hipped, tin roof. Reflecting the Progressive school designs of the late 1910s and early 1920s innovated by the Tuskegee Institute for the Rosenwald schools for black children in the South, the Harmon School, which was a whites-only school, features large, double-hung sash windows on all four sides of the building that dramatically addressed lighting and ventilation concerns of the students and teacher. Also of note is the deeply recessed entry porch with its two entry doors designed to facilitate division of the single schoolroom into a divided space by use of a folding partition between the two halves of the schoolroom. Also on the site is a wood-frame privy that is a reconstruction using some original materials of a privy that had been located at the same site.

The Harmon School displays a remarkably high degree of integrity for an educational property of this type from the period in Wilkes County. It is the only rural, one-room school built during the 1920s and incorporating early Progressive design features that is known to survive in Wilkes County. It is significant under Criterion A for its role as an experiment in transition away from the poor design of most one-room, rural schools in Wilkes County during the early twentieth century, and under Criterion C as a well-preserved exampled of a rural, frame, one-room schoolhouse with partition built in Wilkes County during the 1920s.

The Harmon School was listed in the National Register of Historic Places on December 29, 2020.